How does alcohol affect the central nervous system?

Alcohol primarily acts as a central nervous system depressant, which means it slows down brain function rather than stimulating it. This effect leads to various impairments in cognitive and motor functions. As brain activity is reduced, individuals may experience diminished decision-making capabilities, slower reaction times, and impaired coordination. These changes can make it more challenging to perform tasks that require motor skills, such as driving, and can lead to dangerous situations.

Temporary memory loss can occur with excessive alcohol consumption, but this is a secondary effect of its depressant qualities rather than a direct enhancement of decision-making or cognitive function. Furthermore, the notion that alcohol has no measurable effect on normal functions is inaccurate, as numerous studies document its significant detrimental effects on both cognitive and physical abilities. By understanding how alcohol depresses the central nervous system, it becomes clear why option C reflects the correct characterization of its impact.