How many distinct actions can indicate impairment during the Walk and Turn test?

The Walk and Turn test is designed to measure a person's ability to follow instructions and perform a divided attention task, which can be affected by impairment. There are eight distinct actions or cues that an officer observes during this test to determine if a subject is impaired. These cues include:

1. Inability to maintain balance during instructions.

2. Starting too soon before instructions are completed.

3. Stopping while walking.

4. Walking off the line.

5. Not touching heel to toe.

6. Using arms to balance.

7. Turning improperly.

8. Taking an incorrect number of steps.

When these behaviors are exhibited, they suggest difficulty in motor coordination and mental acuity, which are key indicators of possible alcohol or substance influence. Recognizing and understanding these eight distinct actions is crucial for accurately evaluating a subject's level of impairment during the Walk and Turn test.