Why might an officer choose to conduct SFSTs instead of a breath test?

The choice to conduct Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) instead of a breath test is often influenced by the circumstances surrounding the stop. Conducting SFSTs can be a valid alternative in situations where the subject refuses the breath test. This situation is significant because refusal to take a breath test can prevent the officer from obtaining a quantitative indication of blood alcohol content (BAC), which is typically provided by the breathalyzer.

When a subject refuses the breath test, the officer can utilize SFSTs as an alternative tool to assess the subject’s level of impairment. SFSTs include tasks that evaluate cognitive and physical abilities that may be affected by alcohol or drugs. These tests can provide useful evidence of impairment, supporting the officer's observations and decisions during the encounter.

Considering the other options, a malfunctioning breathalyzer would definitely push an officer to rely on SFSTs, but the refusal option is stronger because it directly relates to the subject’s actions. Believing the subject to be sober would negate the need for any testing, while the context of the subject not operating a vehicle is outside the scope of driving under the influence assessments entirely. Therefore, the choice to perform SFSTs in response to a refusal is rooted in the need